Key Terms: Chapter Six

bank reconciliation

A control procedure to establish and verify the correct cash balance via identification of errors, irregularities, and adjustments

bank statement

The document received from a bank which summarizes deposits and other credits, and checks and other debits to a bank account

cash

Items acceptable to a bank for deposit and free from restrictions to satisfying current debts; includes coins, currency, bank deposits, etc.

cash budget

A major component of a cash planning system that depicts cash inflows and outflows for a stated period of time

cash equivalents

Short-term interest-earning financial instruments that are deemed to be highly secure and will convert back into cash within 90 days

compensating balance

An amount that must be left on deposit and cannot be withdrawn

deposits in transit

Receipts entered on company records but not yet posted by the bank

derivatives

Investments accounted for a fair value that generally derive their value from some other item; examples include commodity futures, options, and so forth

fair value accounting

Sometimes called "mark-to-market;" to record an investment at its fair value and recognize changes in value as it occurs

NSF check

Nonsufficient funds check; a customer check returned for lack of funds (a "hot check")

outstanding checks

Checks entered on company records but not yet cleared by the bank

petty cash

A fund established for making small payments that are impractical to pay by check; also known as imprest cash fund

proof of cash

A detailed bank reconciliation that verifies not only beginning and end balances, but also validates deposits and withdrawals during the month

trading securities

Investments acquired with the intent of generating profits by reselling the investment in the very near future; classified as current assets